Difference between revisions of "Irish/Irish Phonology"
From Celtic Languages
Jump to navigationJump to searchm |
|||
| Line 138: | Line 138: | ||
! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" | | ||
! {{IPA|//Ə//}} | ! {{IPA|//Ə//}} | ||
! {{IPA|//A//}} | ! {{IPA|//A//}} | ||
! {{IPA|//O//}} | ! {{IPA|//O//}} | ||
! {{IPA|//U//}} | ! {{IPA|//U//}} | ||
! {{IPA|//E//}} | ! {{IPA|//E//}} | ||
! {{IPA|// | ! {{IPA|//I//}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | Dialect A | ! rowspan="2" | Dialect A | ||
! short | ! short | ||
| {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="central vowel">Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, {{IPA|/ə/}}, and a central vowel in a slender environment, {{IPA|/ | | {{IPA|/ə/}}<ref name="central vowel">Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, {{IPA|/ə/}}, and a central vowel in a slender environment, {{IPA|/i/}}. e.g. ''tuatha'' {{IPA|/tuə̯.hə/}} vs. ''tuaithe'' {{IPA|/tuə̯.hi/}}.</ref> | ||
| {{IPA|/a/}} || {{IPA|/o/}} | | {{IPA|/a/}} || {{IPA|/o/}} | ||
| {{IPA|/u/}} || {{IPA|/e/}} | | {{IPA|/u/}} || {{IPA|/e/}} | ||
| {{IPA|/i/}} | | {{IPA|/i/}}<ref name="central vowel"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! long | ! long | ||
| | | | ||
| {{IPA|/aː/}} || {{IPA|/oː/}} | | {{IPA|/aː/}} || {{IPA|/oː/}} | ||
| Line 164: | Line 161: | ||
Talk about diphthongs here | Talk about diphthongs here | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Diphthong phonemes | |||
! | |||
! {{IPA|//Ə̯I//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ə̯U//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//IƏ̯//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//UƏ̯//}} | |||
|- | |||
! Dialect A | |||
| {{IPA|/ə̯i/}} || {{IPA|/ə̯u/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/iə̯/}} || {{IPA|/uə̯/}} | |||
|} | |||
== Triphthongs == | == Triphthongs == | ||
Talk about triphthongs here | Talk about triphthongs here | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Triphthong phonemes | |||
! | |||
! {{IPA|//UI̯Ə̯//}} | |||
|- | |||
! Dialect A | |||
| {{IPA|/ui̯ə̯/}} | |||
|} | |||
== Nasalised Vowels == | == Nasalised Vowels == | ||
Talk about nasalised vowels here | Talk about nasalised vowels here | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Nasalised monophthong phonemes | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
! {{IPA|//Ə̃//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ã//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Õ//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ũ//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ẽ//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ĩ//}} | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Dialect A | |||
! short | |||
| {{IPA|/ə̃/}}<ref name="central vowel"/> | |||
| {{IPA|/ã/}} || {{IPA|/õ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ũ/}} || {{IPA|/ẽ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ĩ/}}<ref name="central vowel"/> | |||
|- | |||
! long | |||
| | |||
| {{IPA|/ãː/}} || {{IPA|/õː/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ũː/}} || {{IPA|/ẽː/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ĩː/}} | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Nasalised diphthong phonemes | |||
! | |||
! {{IPA|//Ə̯̃Ĩ//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//Ə̯̃Ũ//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//ĨƏ̯̃//}} | |||
! {{IPA|//ŨƏ̯̃//}} | |||
|- | |||
! Dialect A | |||
| {{IPA|/ə̯̃ĩ/}} || {{IPA|/ə̯̃ũ/}} | |||
| {{IPA|/ĩə̯̃/}} || {{IPA|/ũə̯̃/}} | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Nasalised triphthong phonemes | |||
! | |||
! {{IPA|//ŨĨ̯Ə̯̃//}} | |||
|- | |||
! Dialect A | |||
| {{IPA|/ũĩ̯ə̯̃/}} | |||
|} | |||
= Footnotes = | = Footnotes = | ||
Revision as of 11:06, 13 October 2021
Introduction here
Consonants
Labials
Talk about labials here
| //F// | //P// | //B// | //M// | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| broad | slender | broad | slender | broad | slender | broad | slender | ||
| Dialect A | fortis | /f/ | /f′/ | /p/ | /p′/ | /b/ | /b′/ | /m/ | /m′/ |
| lenis | ∅[1] | /f/ | /f′/ | /v/ | /v′/ | /v/ | /v′/ | ||
Coronal Obstruents
Talk about coronal obstruents here
| //S// | //T// | //D// | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| broad | slender | broad | slender | broad | slender | ||
| Dialect A | fortis | /s/ | /ʃ/ | /t/ | /t′/ | /d/ | /d′/ |
| lenis | /h/ | /ɣ/ | /j/ | ||||
Coronal Sonorants
Talk about coronal sonorants here
| //R// | //L// | //N// | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| broad | slender | broad | slender | broad | slender | ||
| Dialect A | fortis | /R/ | /r/ | /L/ | /L′/ | /N/ | /N′/ |
| lenis | /r/ | /r′/ | /l/ | /l′/ | /n/ | /n′/ | |
Dorsals
Talk about dorsals here
| //K// | //G// | //Ŋ// | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| broad | slender | broad | slender | broad | slender | ||
| Dialect A | fortis | /k/ | /k′/ | /g/ | /g′/ | /ŋ/ | /ŋ′/ |
| lenis | /x/ | /ç/ | /ɣ/ | /j/ | [2] | [2] | |
Vowels
Monophthongs
Talk about monophthongs here
| //Ə// | //A// | //O// | //U// | //E// | //I// | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dialect A | short | /ə/[3] | /a/ | /o/ | /u/ | /e/ | /i/[3] |
| long | /aː/ | /oː/ | /uː/ | /eː/ | /iː/ | ||
Diphthongs
Talk about diphthongs here
| //Ə̯I// | //Ə̯U// | //IƏ̯// | //UƏ̯// | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dialect A | /ə̯i/ | /ə̯u/ | /iə̯/ | /uə̯/ |
Triphthongs
Talk about triphthongs here
| //UI̯Ə̯// | |
|---|---|
| Dialect A | /ui̯ə̯/ |
Nasalised Vowels
Talk about nasalised vowels here
| //Ə̃// | //Ã// | //Õ// | //Ũ// | //Ẽ// | //Ĩ// | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dialect A | short | /ə̃/[3] | /ã/ | /õ/ | /ũ/ | /ẽ/ | /ĩ/[3] |
| long | /ãː/ | /õː/ | /ũː/ | /ẽː/ | /ĩː/ | ||
| //Ə̯̃Ĩ// | //Ə̯̃Ũ// | //ĨƏ̯̃// | //ŨƏ̯̃// | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dialect A | /ə̯̃ĩ/ | /ə̯̃ũ/ | /ĩə̯̃/ | /ũə̯̃/ |
| //ŨĨ̯Ə̯̃// | |
|---|---|
| Dialect A | /ũĩ̯ə̯̃/ |
Footnotes
- ↑ Lenition of either /f/ or /f′/ equates to no sound being pronounced at all.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 /ŋ/ and /ŋ′/ had never developed any lenis counterparts, neither in the modern nor historical forms of the language.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Distinction is made between a central vowel in a broad environment, /ə/, and a central vowel in a slender environment, /i/. e.g. tuatha /tuə̯.hə/ vs. tuaithe /tuə̯.hi/.
